Sample Research Title Proposal free essay sample

1. Method of reasoning: Course assessments comprise of arrangement of inquiries so as to assess the guidance of a given course. Fundamentally, it assists educators with growing expertly. Actually, it helped me distinguish my shortcomings as a teacher at a similar what the understudies like about how I acted in the class. Moreover, Course assessments can likewise be helpful reaction for the organization particularly the subjective reactions of understudies that are used to give developmental input proposed to encourage improved educating and course advancement (Hodges Stanton). Notwithstanding, composed remarks of understudies on courses are not in truth deciphered, examined and incorporated in summative assessments (Gravestock Gregor-Greenleaf, 2008). As indicated by Frank (1988), students’ originations and assumption regarding arithmetic impact their learning way to deal with the course. This may have been the explanation then that I battled in polynomial math during my optional years due to the idea that learning numbers can be so confused and absolutely not a thing for me. We will compose a custom article test on Test Research Title Proposal or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Reverberating this view, Anderson (2007) distinguished this face of mathematic student way of life as â€Å"imagination†. How an understudy imagine math as something some portion of their exercises can either impact emphatically or adversely to their learning. In an investigation of understudies from authorize open and non-public schools in Metro Manila, it was discovered that there were challenges in arithmetic brought about by perusing inadequacies in jargon, perception and study propensities (Tadeo and Dadigan, 2006). Results additionally demonstrated that the instructors encouraging math were not able in training the ideas of the subject and their encouraging procedures were not lined up with the students’ learning styles. Malaysian college understudies then again, showed low degree of nervousness towards science course (Usop, Sabri, Sam Wah, 2009). While the investigation discovered not out of the question measure of math nervousness, discoveries uncovered that instructor was an impacting variable to the improvement of students’ uneasiness. With the obvious hole in the writing of the assessment of subjective reactions and the deficiency of examination led about the viability ofâ mathematics courses especially among PC related courses, I am incited to know how the understudies see math subjects. I further accept that this will help in improving the substance of math courses for registering training just as the encouraging procedures of the personnel dealing with the subject. 2. Des tinations of the Study 2.1 General: Evaluate the proficiency and viability of registering science courses 2.2 Specific: 1. Decide how do the understudies see the course as far as proficiency and adequacy 2. Recognize proposals from understudies on the improvement of the math courses 3. Calculated Framework : Not Applicable 4. System The scientist of this investigation utilized the subjective examination structure. The examination was directed in the University of Mindanao during the school year 2012-2013. Respondents of the investigation are the figuring training understudies. The exploration instrument utilized in the lead of the investigation is the standard college course appraisal.

Stream Loads and Erosion Free Essays

Streams or waterways are waterways that continually travel from its source, which is typically a mountain or an underground source, towards a leave point into the ocean. These waterways convey various types of materials. There are three sorts of burdens that streams convey: Dissolved, Suspended, and Bed Loads. We will compose a custom article test on Stream Loads and Erosion or then again any comparable point just for you Request Now Broken up Loads seem undetectable in light of the fact that they make out of the littlest particles. These are shipped by the stream as synthetic particles. Broken up Loads can result from modification of minerals from synthetic disintegration. It might likewise be an aftereffect of groundwater drainage into the stream. Suspended Loads are materials left dangling in the stream since they are too enormous to break down yet too little to even think about sinking to the stream bed. The progression of the stream keeps these particles suspended. Suspended Loads are typically the aftereffect of materials disintegrated by water driven activity and disintegration from the channel itself. Bed Loads are the greatest materials that can be discovered lying at the base of the stream. Because of stream, Bed Loads are continuously moved in two different ways: Traction (hurrying and rolling) and Saltation (skip like development). The transportation of Dissolved Loads are least influenced by changes in stream speed. As they are the littlest particles that can be found in streams, they will in any case be moved much under low stream since they are not large enough to settle down. Greater burdens are more enthusiastically to ship thus requiring more noteworthy stream speed. Bed Loads are the principle supporters of stream disintegrations. Since they are the greatest among the three burdens, they can remove materials from the stream bed when they are moved through Traction and Saltation. They can likewise hit the dividers of the stream as they move. Bed Loads likewise dissolve the channel through the procedure of scraped spot as they hurry and move around the stream bed when they are shipped. Instructions to refer to Stream Loads and Erosion, Papers

Effect Of Violent Television Programs On Children In The U.S Essay

In 1996, the government of the United States passed a law requesting that each TV from the size of 13 inches or more to be introduced with a V chip to control content being viewed by kids. This move was enlivened by the acknowledgment of the effect that savage TV programs were causing on the kids (Centerwall 69). All the more as of late, a few congresspersons in US lead the drive to the sanctioning of laws that would control communicate of sex advertisement viciousness on TV. Television savagery has involved more noteworthy worry since it possesses a great part of the TV content customized in the US today. Research shows that worry for social impacts started as right on time as the 1950s and 60s after the presentation and prevalence of TVs in US. As of now, TV broadcasting has developed a great deal in US to such an extent that substance is being communicated absent a lot of worry for age rating, particularly following expanded access to TV the kids. Viciousness can be from news programs or anecdotal diversion programs. A 1995 article in the Journal of American Medical Association brings up that TV impactsly affects the ordinary improvement of kids because of the expansion in physical forcefulness and wellbeing concerns (Centerwall 644). Afterward, the American Psychological Association distributed a strategy proclamation asking pediatricians to encourage their customers to control TV seeing among their youngsters to not mutiple or 2 hours. Impacts of physical forcefulness have additionally been affirmed by the US National Institute of Mental Health. This has particularly affected adversely on the strict establishments of youngsters since forcefulness differentiates the essential standards of most religions. Kids for the most part learn by copying what they watch, henceforth whenever presented to fierce projects they will in general imitate the rough practices appeared on the program. Two separate investigations led among youthful detainees sentenced for vicious wrongdoing cases including assault, attack and murder demonstrates that between 22 % and 34 % admitted to have been deliberately motivated by the wrongdoing methods leant from TV programs they used to watch (Nathanson 141). Some of these were from a solid strict foundation. Somewhere in the range of 1990 information shows that kids in US between the age of 2 and 5 years old were gone through around 27 hours of their time each week sitting in front of the TV the vast majority of which were had savage substance. Albeit strict standards may control conduct somewhat, analysts contend that offspring of such age are generally unfit to separate dream promotion realities with regards to TV and henceforth wind up tolerating and accepting what they watch, this disintegrates their good and strict accepts with time. An examination led for near 22 years among US offspring old enough 8 and tending to the relationship of this gathering to the seriousness of wrongdoing perpetrated by the equivalent at age 30, discovered that survey of brutal substance corresponded profoundly decidedly to the nature and earnestness of wrongdoing most were sentenced for at age 30: at a likelihood of 0. 05% (Brandon 1). This number is comprehensive of strict youngsters inferring that vicious projects acquaint them step by step with wrongdoing. An investigation on 100 male wrongdoing convicts, whereby 65 of them had no past relationship with wrongdoing; were of same age, habitation foundation and race and matured between age 10 and 14, shows that there was huge factual connection between introduction to TV savagery and brutal conduct in grown-ups. This demonstrates the finding that savagery can possibly shape the conduct of a kid regardless of religion. A survey directed among grown-up Americans show that around 43 percent of Americans accept that commitment of TV viciousness to expanding savagery in the general public is high than some other components. Given that most Americans are strict individuals as are their kids, it is clear murder is contrary to their standards. In any case, there is the information that expresses that the per annum pace of white murders in US expanded by 92 later from 1945’s 1. 3 manslaughters/100000 US white residents to 2. 5/100000 of every 1974 (Centerwall 646). Television savagery has been the main source of strict carelessness among most youthful US individuals as they are motivated by the truth of TV the arrangement of strict standards. This is viewed as the impact of high market intensity driving TV organizations to communicate viciousness in a â€Å"fantasy† way to produce mass crowds for publicizing purposes. There is less worry for duty. Strict kids have been casualties of adolescent wrongdoing as brought up by congresspersons Kefauwer and Dodd with respect to connection of TV projects to the increments in adolescent wrongdoing. An examination by The Center of Research on the Effect of Television shows that youngsters normally become unfeeling toward torment or other movement that incurs enduring on others particularly, in actuality. This has been noted all the more explicitly by chapel pioneers as the most essential factor driving strict youngsters used to savage TV shows to evaluate brutal movement. This is on the grounds that they will in general accept what they see is this present reality. Kids, including the strict too see savagery in such program as dream since they do not have the capacity to separate dream and reality at underneath age 8 (Wood, et al. 375). In such manner, most youngsters additionally will in general accept that savagery is the most fitting methods for getting what one needs as is delineated by their saints. Kids likewise develop dread of the world that they live in. This influences their self drive and may make them to apply the fierce movement in self preservation on being made to see this present reality as terrible. This is rather than what religion advocates for. This pace of impact is significantly all the more disturbing given the way that about 54% of youngsters in America approach a TV set in their room with 44% (strict kids included) affirming that they observe entirely unexpected subjects when not with their folks. Research from Michigan University takes note of that TV adds to adjoin 10% of the brutal saw among strict kids. The American Psychological Association noticed that kids who watch a ton of brutal TV shows tend to show vicious practices, for example, rebellion, contending and striking out at companions independent of strict foundation (Harrison and Joanne 93). The Kaiser Family Foundation contends that most strict youngsters just as the non-strict ones have come to acknowledge viciousness as an option in contrast to taking care of life issues because of delayed introduction to programs portraying the equivalent on TV. As per the Center for Disease Control, US, brutality among youngsters who watch a ton of TV is the highest general wellbeing challenge with the impact of the equivalent on murder rates expanding at rates more than populace development (American Academy of Pediatrics 1119). Fierce TV has additionally been related with expanded degrees of pulse which is a contributing component to forcefulness. It is evident that TV influences adversely the conduct f youngsters and it is even significant that strict kids are not saved except if with the mediation of seniors. Works Cited Centerwall, B. S. â€Å"Television and vicious wrongdoing. † The Public Interest 111(1993): 56-77. Harrison, Karin, and Joanne Cantor. â€Å"Tales from the Screen: Enduring Fright Reactions to Scary Media. † Media Psychology 1. 2 (1999): 97â€116. Nathanson, Amy J. , and Joanne, Cantor. â€Å"Children’s Fright Reactions to Television News. † Journal of Communication 46. 4 (1996): 139â€152. Centerwall, B. S. â€Å"Exposure to TV as a hazard factor for brutality. † American Journal of Epidemiology 129 (1989): 643-652. Wood, W, Wong, F. Y. , and Chachere, J. G. â€Å"Effects of media savagery on viewers’ animosity in unconstrained social communication. † Psychological Bulletin 109 (1991): 371-383. American Academy of Pediatrics. â€Å"Committee on Communications: Children, young people, and TV. † Pediatrics 85(1990):1119-1120. Brandon, Centerwall S. â€Å"Television and Violence: The Scale of the Problem and Where to Go From Here† JAMA 267. 22 (1992). Recovered August 3, 2010 from http://cursor. organization/stories/television_and_violence. htm.

Impact of Social Media on Female Adolescents’ Self-Esteem - Free Essay Example

The impact of social media on female adolescents’ self-esteem Introduction Background of Problem   Social media sites are commonly used networking sites by persons. Adolescents in today’s generation currently live in a media-saturated environment in which they do not only utilize it for entertainment but to keep in touch with peers on Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat and Whatsapp (Crone, 2018). According to Kircaburun (2016) social media are commonly used platforms to communicate and interact with other persons. Social media sites such as Facebook, Instagram, and Snapchat are commonly used by adolescents and young adults (Davis Weinstein, 2017). Adolescents especially use these sites to engage in self-expression such as uploading selfies and updating statuses in order to receive feedback and evaluation from peers and others (Davis Weinstein, 2017). They are one of the most intrigued populations that use social media sites (Allen et al., 2014). Adolescents are able to access networking sites easier and faster with the advancement of technology devices. As social media use is on the rise, adolescents are using these sites to gain a sense of belonging. For young persons, the use of social media is where they look to establish and maintain positive self-images (Allen, Gran Ryan, 2014) and look for feedback to establish a healthy self-esteem (Valkenburg, et al., 2006). Problem Statement   Although past studies have examined the influence of social media on adolescents’ well-being, psychosocial development and self-esteem, reactions that adolescents receive on their profiles on social media accounts can hamper their development when they receive negative reactions from peers and others. According to Valkenburg, Peter and Schouten (2006) â€Å"peer acceptance and interpersonal feedback on the self are important features of friend networking sites†. Though social media use is seen in both genders and spends most of their leisure time on networking sites, females are often seen to be using social media in posting selfies and are more interested in posting personal information about themselves on social media (Herring Kapidzic, 2015). Justification of study   The reasons for conducting this study is to examine the impact of social media use in female adolescents’ self-esteem development and according to Lenhart (2015) ninety-two percent of teenagers go online daily and females tend to use more social media sites. Self-esteem is seen to be linked with how well adolescents develop a sense of how they value their selves. Social media sites are seen as platforms where adolescents are using social media to express themselves in order to receive positive feedback on the self. From Elkind’s theory adolescent ego-centrism, adolescents have an interest of the self and believe that others are often judging them (Elkind, 1985 as cited in Heiken, 2012). They operate as though they are being viewed by an ‘imaginary audience’ Heiken, 2012). This study will look to understand how social media use contributes to part of female adolescents’ development. The use of selfies by adolescents Objectives of study To see how positive feedback from social media can impact female adolescents’ self-esteem. To also identify if there is a particular age group in which self-esteem development occurs in adolescence. Hypotheses The more positive feedback female adolescents’ receive on their posts, the higher their self-esteem would be. Self-esteem would be affected by social media in early adolescence in females. Literature Review Social Media Use   According to Jan, Soomro and Ahmad (2017) Facebook is a very popular social media site that is used to fulfill one’s needs.   Bryant (2018) stated that media use in adolescence is a common phenomenon in which individuals use social media to stay in touch with friends, make plans, and get to know other persons and being able to present their selves through social media. Lenhart et al., 2011) eighty percent of teenagers in the United States have profiles on various social media sites than compared to persons who were thirty years and older. According to Woods and Scott (2016) Adolescents are also seen to use social media a lot at night when they are unable to sleep. A study done by Kaiser Family Foundation found that individuals between eleven to eighteen years old spend an hour and a half on a computer and twenty seven minutes on average visiting social media sites (Rideout, Foehr Roberts, 2010). There are seen to be both positive and negative uses of social media.   Through the use of social media, self-representation plays an essential role. Social media sites enable persons to create profiles to freely post pictures and share personal information and other multimedia links with peers and other unknown followers (Herring and Kapidzck, 2015). Gender differences also played a role in how they may use internet and social media sites. Females have been seen to spend more time on social media and use them more often than most males. Barker (2009) reported that females tend to spend more time than their male peers on social media sites. They found that females used social media to talk with peers, leisure activity and to entertain while males used it for social compensation (Barker, 2009). They also vary in what kind of content they post especially on Facebook. Girls were more likely to post pictures onto their social media accounts and boys used it for sharing videos (Herring Kapidzic, 2015). Now that social media sites are more open, it allows teenagers and young persons to be able to upload photographs on their profiles and females have been seen to be more serious with the types of pictures they select for their profiles on social media (Salimkhan et al., 2010; Mango et al., 2008). Kramer and Winter (2008) reported that utilization of social media is a prevalent method to communicate one’s personality. Adolescent Ego Centrism and the use of Selfies   Based on Piaget’s theory, as adolescents move from concrete operational stage, they enter the process of formal operational thought in which they begin to have a complex imagination and develop a hypothetical approach to problem-solving (Galanaki, 2017).   Adolescents are concerned with ideals and forming theories about the self and the world and being to construct a life plan. During this stage, cognitive egocentrism takes place in which they look to alter the environment to their ego. Adolescents fail to distinguish their own thoughts about themselves and how others may feel about them (Galanaki, 2017). Based off of Piaget’s idea of ego-centrism, Elkind distinguished further into the idea of adolescent ego-centrism in which because of an interest of the self, they believe that others are often judging them (Elkind, 1985 as cited in Heiken, 2012). They operate as though they are being viewed by an ‘imaginary audience’ (Heiken, 2012).   According to Galanki (2017) adolescents believe that others are focused on their appearance and behavior just as them. This therefore causes a disturbance for self-image that is displayed through concerns of personal appearance (Heiken, 2012). Elkind posited two ideas of adolescent ego-centrism which is the imaginary audience and personal fable. Imaginary audience is the belief that the individual is at the center of focus of others’ attention in which they admire or are critical of them (Galanaki, 2017). Adolescents will become self-centered and display an increase in narcissism and therefore can lead to a belief in a personal fable which comes from their feelings of being special or unique (Santrock, 2008, as cited in Heiken, 2012). From Piagetian theory, it is seen that ego centrism takes place in early adolescence which is about eleven to twelve years old, goes up in middle adolescence (fourteen to fifteen years old) and diminishes during the end of adolescence (Galank i, 2017).   Therefore according to (Heiken, 2012) the way how adolescents look at others’ opinion of themselves can affect their self-esteem. Adolescents would look to place more value on their peers’ opinions of them (Heiken, 2012). Valkenburg, Peter and Schouten (2006) emphasized that because adolescents take part in what is known as ‘imaginative audience behavior’ in which they see others to be viewing and evaluating them, they become focused in how they appear in front of others. With the use of social media sites, interpersonal feedback can be given through social media and therefore these types of public evaluations can affect adolescents’ self-esteem (Valkenburg, Peter and Schouten, 2006). Adolescent ego-centrism may turn towards the physical self that looks at critiquing physical appearance (Gattari, 2013).   Therefore because adolescent ego centrism is where imaginative audience behavior occurs, in the modern world, the use of selfies by young individuals are growing in which trying to achieve the ‘perfect selfie’ can bring about insecurities and high self-consciousness and having an absence of positive feedback may affect the individual’s confidence (Barry, Doucette, Loflin, Rivera- Hudson and Herrington, 2015). As the adolescent is concerned with others evaluating and judging them, they can become self-absorbed in posting the selfie that they take time to edit photos of themselves on media sites and choose profile pictures that highlights their physical appearance or even personality (Kapidzic, 2013, as cited in Barry et al., 2015). According to (Elkind and Bowen, 1979; Goossens, 1984, study 2; Goossens et al., 1992; Gray and Hudson, 1984; Hauck et al., 1986; Hudson and Gray, 1986; Markstrom and Mullis, 1986; Montgomery, 2005; Pesce and Harding, 1986; Richter et al., 1982; Riley et al., 1984; Ryan and Kuczkowski, 1994; Rycek et al., 1998, as cited in Galanki, 2012) from studies conducted, females have been seen to display more imaginary audience ideation than their male peers. When it comes to posting selfies, females are generally seen to be more concerned in which they place more emphasis in emotional expressions when posting pictures (Zheng et al., 2016, as cited in Kramer et al., 2016). Females are also seen to take more selfies and are twice as likely to post more selfies on social media (Dhir et al., 2016, as cited in Kramer et al., 2016).  Ã‚   Self-Esteem and Social Media Use among Female Adolescents   Self-esteem is the assessment of a person’s value which can either be displayed in a positive or negative orientation towards them (Minev et al., 2018).It is seen as a factor of the self-concept that Rosenberg described as totality of individual thoughts and feelings in which the individual may see their self as an object (Minev et al., 2018).   It was seen that Facebook played a positive role in the development of positive well-being in adolescents (Schwartz, 2012). It has been seen from previous studies that negative feedback from social media sites can hamper adolescents’ well-being and development (Schwartz, 2012). According to Heiken (2006) self-esteem in the period of adolescence is popular mostly amongst girls as they are seen to be more at a risk for developing a low self-esteem. Self-Portraits or selfies are commonly taken by adolescents and are posted on social media sites for acceptance. Feedback that adolescents receive on these selfies from peers is s omewhat internalized in the individual and contributes to their development when they look to post pictures again (Allen, 2015). From the study done by Allen (2015) it was found that from using social media, adolescents experienced dual identities, insecurity and freedom of expression.   According to a study done by (Alblooshi, 2015) persons with low self-esteem tend to take less selfies, while persons with higher self-esteem took more. According to Menza (2015) persons with high self-esteem post selfies on various sites as a way to express their selves and share their emotions. According to Valkenburg, Koutamanis and Vossen (2006) social media use and self-esteem could be explained through the amount of positive or negative feedback that persons received from social media. However, according to Jan, Soomro and Ahmad (2017) increase in social media use can cause self-esteem to decrease in persons.   A study done by Wilcox and Stephen (2013) focused on experiments that looked at the effects that social networking sites had on persons’ behavior.   They were divided into four groups which were Facebook, no Facebook, weak and strong ties. From this they found that having strong ties on Facebook can increase one’s self-esteem. According to another study done by Gallagher (2017) looked at how teenagers used social media and found that those who had received more positive feedback such as having more ‘likes’ on their post had a higher self-esteem than compared to those with low-self-esteem. Andreassan et al., (2016) did a national survey and found that persons who use social media excessively found that there was a correlation between the use of social media, narcissism and self-esteem. According to Barry et al., (2015) social media can heighten self-esteem as persons have the choice to select how they want to display themselves and may receive positive social feedback. Methodology   This study would follow a quantitative approach in which a longitudinal study would be conducted. Female participants between the ages of twelve to eighteen years old would be targeted. The type of sampling to be used would be simple random sampling   Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale- is a 10item questionnaire that rates on a 4 point likert scale from ‘strongly agree’ to ‘strongly disagree’ Data analysis: Regression analysis would produce a regression equation. Having a P value of less than 0.05 indicates a statistical significance.

What Is the Recency Effect in Psychology

The recency effect refers to the finding that people tend to have a better memory for information they were told more recently. Below, we’ll review how researchers study the recency effect, the conditions under which it occurs, and how it can impact the judgments we make. Key Takeaways: Recency Effect The recency effect refers to the fact that we are more likely to remember information that has been given to us more recently.Psychologists have found evidence both for a recency effect and a primacy effect (better memory for information presented earlier).In addition to being studied by memory researchers, social psychologists have investigated how the recency effect can impact our evaluations of others. Recency Effect Definition One demonstration of the recency effect can be found in a 1962 paper by psychologist Bennet Murdock. Murdock investigated how the ordering of words in a list affects our ability to remember them (what is known as the serial position effect). In the study, participants had lists of words read out loud to them (depending on the version of the study, participants heard as few as 10 words or as many as 40). After hearing the words, participants were given a minute and a half to write down as many words as they could remember from the list. Murdock found that the likelihood of a word being remembered depended on where in the list it had appeared. He found that the first few words in the list were remembered fairly well, which is known as the primacy effect. After this, the likelihood of remembering a word dropped significantly, but it began to increase again for the last eight items on the list—and the likelihood of remembering a word was highest for the last few items on the list (i.e. the recency effect). Graph demonstrating the serial position effect. Obli / Wikimedia Commons /  Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 Murdock charted out these results in a graph. On the x axis, he put the word’s order in the list (e.g. whether it was presented first, second, and so on). On the y axis, he put the chance that a participant was able to remember the word. The resulting data showed what is called the serial position curve: memory for a word starts out moderate to high at the beginning of the list, quickly drops (and, if the list is longer, stays low for a while), and then increases for words at the end of the list. When Does the Recency Effect Occur? Psychologists have found that the recency effect occurs when participants complete the memory test immediately after being presented with a list of items. However, in other research studies, psychologists have presented participants with items to remember, given participants a brief distraction (such as asking them to count backwards by threes), and then asked them to try to remember the words from the list. The results of these studies show that, when people are briefly distracted before completing the memory test, the recency effect is not found. Interestingly, in studies such as this one, the primacy effect (having a better memory for earlier items in a list) still occurs. This finding caused some psychologists to suggest that the primacy effect and recency effect could be due to different processes, and that the recency effect might involve short-term memory. However, other research has suggested that the recency effect may be more complicated than this, and that it may be due to more than just short-term memory processes. The Recency Effect in Social Psychology While the recency effect has long been studied by psychologists who study memory, social psychologists have also explored whether it can affect how we perceive others. As an example, imagine that your friend is describing someone they want to introduce you to, and they describe this person as kind, smart, generous, and boring. Because of the recency effect, the last item on the list—boring—might have a disproportionate effect on your judgment of the person, and you might have a less positive impression of them (compared to if boring had been in the middle of the list of words). As Simon Laham and Joseph Forgas explain, we can experience a recency effect or a primacy effect (where the adjectives presented first have a stronger impact), depending on the circumstances. For example, we’re more likely to experience a recency effect if we’re given a long list of information about the person, or if we’re asked to form an impression of the person right after we’re given information about them. On the other hand, we’d be more strongly impacted by the first items in a list if we know in advance that we’re going to be asked to form an impression of the person. Conclusion The recency effect, a finding from researchers studying the psychology of recall, suggests that we tend to remember more recent things better. The primacy effect suggests that we also tend to have better memory for things that came first—in other words, the items in the middle are the ones that we’re most likely to forget. Research shows that things tend to be most memorable if they occur at the beginning or end of something. Sources and Additional Reading: Baddeley, Alan. Essentials of Human Memory (Classic Edition). Psychology Press (Taylor Francis Group), 2014. https://books.google.com/books?id2YY3AAAAQBAJCuncic, Arlin. â€Å"Understanding the Primacy Effect.† Verywell Mind (2019, May 30). https://www.verywellmind.com/understanding-the-primacy-effect-4685243Gilovich, Thomas, Dacher Keltner, and Richard E. Nisbett.  Social Psychology.  1st edition, W.W. Norton Company, 2006.  https://books.google.com/books?idGxXEtwEACAAJLaham, Simon and Joseph P. Forgas. â€Å"Recency Effect.† Encyclopedia of Social Psychology. Edited by Roy F. Baumeister and Kathleen D. Vohs, SAGE Publications, 2007, 728-729. https://sk.sagepub.com/Reference//socialpsychology/n436.xmlMurdock Jr., Bennet B. (1962). â€Å"The Serial Position Effect of Free Recall.† Journal of Experimental Psychology, vol. 64, no. 5, 482-488. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1963-06156-001Richardson, John T.E. â€Å"Measures of Short-Term Memory: A Historical Review.†Ã‚  Cortex  vol. 43 no. 5 (2007): 635-650. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010945208704933

Department of Human Services Code of Conduct - 1115 Words

Department of Human Services Code of Ethics Rebecca Metz PHL/323 October 17, 2012 Eric Landis Department of Human Services Code of Ethics In this paper the Code of Ethics from the Department of Human Services will be discussed. General information about the company, the company’s mission statement, the type of ethical system used by the company and how and when the company uses it will be talked about. Thoughts of why the company may need to modify their existing code of ethics will be included, reactions to the code of ethics that employees and managers may have and the acceptance of the code of ethics within the company and affects it has. â€Å"The mission of the Department of Human Services is to help individuals and families†¦show more content†¦From personal experience I think that everything in the Code of Conduct is expressed thoroughly, I think if anything needs to be changed it how well employees and management are watched. Rules are not always followed as well as people being treated fairly. A reaction expected to the Code of Ethics is respect. Each employee is responsible for making reasonable decisions that are in the best interest of the company. Employees are given this position and are expected to be in compliance with the Code of Ethics; respecting all rules and regulations. As a former employee I was responsible to have the client’s best interest at hand and conduct the company with integrity, honesty and in a highly ethical manner. Management expected us to maintain our professionalism and try to help the clients as much as possible. Kathleen Sebelius (Health and Human Services worker) asked; â€Å"How can we serve Americans better? What can be done less expensively, faster and with greater transparency?† Staff and management from different human and health service agencies got together to develop a Strategic Plan and goals for the next five years. 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The Tourism Industry

Question: Write an essay onthe tourism industry. Answer: Recently, the tourism industry has been able to gain huge prominences in the modern business segments after the advent of globalizations. Notably, it can be stated that the advent of globalizations has influences the tourism industry to expand its business in the international platform. The enhancement in the business process due to the advent of globalizations has also influences the effective operation in this particular industry. The tourism industry is also played an important role in enhancing the global economic condition. Recently, one of the most important roles of tourism industry is to expand the economic opportunities in those countries, which are developing in nature. With these particular capabilities of the tourism industry has been able to play the leadership role in enhancing the economic condition of the company (Minghetti, 2003). Apart from this, tourism industry is not only supported the developing countries economic condition, but it also supported the several developed countries to play a major role in enhancing their economic sustainability. Besides, inducing the overall economic development in global economy the tourism industry has also influences a notable growth in the hospitality industry. Specially mentioning, the hospitality industry has also experiences adequate growth due to rapid development in the international tourism industry. With the growth in international tourism industry, the Australia has been experiencing huge popularity among its international tourist due to its excellent accommodation facilities. In this regard, Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa is considered to be one of the Australias most famous tourist resorts, which has been able to gain prominences among its customers (Davidson, Guilding Timo, 2006). The prime intention of the study is to prepare a business report based on the hospitality industry and its function by considering the Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa as prime organization. Correspondingly, the study will describes about the clear as well as concise analysis regarding the Australian Hospitality industry and the position of Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa within that particular industry. The analysis regarding macro as well as micro environmental forces of the respective industry and supports the company to develop an effective marketing strategy. Overview of Australian Hospitality Industry The Australian hospitality industry is considered as one of the most famous and economically strong industry around the world. The country has gain huge prominences from its international tourist for delivering an effective care to the various people. People are love to travel internationally are mainly considered Australia as a major and most prominent destinations for them. The natural beauties as well as manmade intelligence are also recognized as main attraction for the international tourist for this particular country. The Australian hospitality industry is enriching with verity of organizations. Basically, it would be eminent to state that with the effective service and quality products the Australian hospitality industry has been able to take proper association in serving majority customers (Dawes, 1999). Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa is one of the famous tourist resorts that mainly popular for its excellent services as well as product quality. The ambiance provided by this particular resort is considered to be an exceptional experience for the various customers. Notably, the hospitality industry of Australia is noted to be quite competitive in nature due to the rapid development in tourism industry. Apart from this, the strong economic base of the country is quite responsible for providing adequate supports to the hospitality industry to conduct more business operations in their future. Due to the strong economic base, the hospitality industry of the country has also able to attain huge profitability for its better development. Basically, the strong international tourism bases as well as economic base also enable the Australian hospitality industry to enhance their operational process for attaining success through increasing the profitability (Lee, Barker Kandampully, 2003). Basically, it could state that in the earlier stage the Australian Hospitality industry has been developed in the diversified structured manner. In this particular diversification the industry mainly includes small size as well as lower branded tourist resorts that mainly based over the regional business segments. Those hospitality resorts are mainly servers the lower graded hospitality services, which was failed in attracting international tourists. However, the major revolution has been observed within the Australian hospitality segment after the event of Sydney Olympics in the year 2000. With this particular event the hospitality industry of Australia has been experiencing a drastic development in the hospitality industry as well as in the tourism industry. The advent of Sydney Olympics has made the country to be more open for the international hospitality services as per the 5 star segment bases (Sin, Alan, Heung Yim, 2005). However, in earlier segment the hospitality industry is having less prominence within the international tourism sector, but recently a huge growth has been observed in this particular segment. The selected company Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa will be able to enhance its business operations with the help of expansion. According the conducted market research the company will be able to face huge competition in this recent scenario. There is various international hospitality companies are establishing their business operations within the country for earning the majority of market shares. The hospitality market of the company is having huge scope for expanding business among several hospitality companies (Kang, Lee, Huh, 2010). Macro Environment Analysis In the modern business environment, the business of hospitality industry is a considered to be one of the most prominent jobs. Recently, the hospitality business has been able to gain huge prominences among the international market segment. By conducting the business in the hospitality industry majority of the companies are also able to attain maximum profitability for supporting their overall business process. Basically, it could state that managing a hotel business is considered to be one of the complex business activity. While managing the hospitality business, there are large numbers of factors should be addressed by the company. Basically, the macro environmental factors are needs to be addressed by the company, while it opted for conducting its further business. It important for the hospitality companies of Australia to conduct an analysis, which will be helpful for the company to determine the actual success as well as failure of the company. In this regard, the Macro environm ental analysis for the company is needs to be conducted for enhancing their operational process. The macro environmental analysis is mainly includes the PEST analysis as well as Porters Five force analysis for gaining a brief knowledge regarding their future business as well as its possibilities of attaining success (Ross, 1995). PEST Analysis Conducting PEST analysis for the hospitality industry will enable the Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa to attain adequate knowledge regarding the market conditions of Australia and its future possibilities of attaining success. The factors associated with the business process of the company are as follows; Political Factor Political factor has been played an important role behind the development of operational process of the business. In Australia the tourism industry is considered to be a fastest growing industry, which also influences the growth in hospitality industry. The political condition of Australia is considered to be quite stable in comparison other countries. The stability in the political domain of Australia has been playing a major role in influencing the conduct of further business operations within that particular country. Recently, Australian government has been playing an important role behind the development of tourism industry. Due to the development in the tourism industry the hospitality industry has also able to attain profitability in its business operations. Therefore, it could also expect that Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa has also able to gain huge prominences in its business. Economic Factors The economic condition of Australia is considered as one of the most important factor for the Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa, as it mainly influences the over development of the organizations. By depending upon the economic condition of Australia, the organizations will be able to manage its operational process efficiently. Basically, it could be stated that the poor economic condition can affect the growth of the hospitality industry. Simultaneously, as the hospitality industry has a direct relationship tourism industry, therefore, the economic impact of Australia over its tourism industry can affect the Australian hospitality industry of the country. The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the country, the company will be enabling to conduct its further business operations. In this particular case, the GDP of Australia is considered to be quite strong in comparison to various other countries, which is quite important for the enhancement of the business. Due to the strong economi c condition the company Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa will be able to expand their business efficiently (Tremblay, 1998). Social Factor The socio cultural factors are also playing an important role behind developing the success in the business process of the hospitality industry. The Australian culture is considered to be quite open in nature. The culture of Australia is quite friendly in nature and having rich heritage aspects. It could also notify that the societal environment of Australia is mainly imposing quite favorable aspects for enhancing their hospitality industry. People belonging to Australia are also love to spend their holidays through travelling. In this regard, the regional tourism industry of the country will also promoted by their domestic customers. Technological Factor Technology is also another major factor that influences the customers busying behaviour. People belonging to the modern scenario are primarily focusing towards receiving high quality services from its preferred companies. In the hospitality industry majority of companies are serving to their customers with high quality services. The technological development in business environment has influences the overall quality of the services. In this regard, the comp may mainly provide various advanced facilities to its customers for enhancing their overall profitability from the business process. Hotels and resorts having gym, swimming pool, golf course, beauty center as well as spa are considered to be additional value added faculties that could enable the company to attain huge prominences among several customers. Porters Five Forces Analysis New Entry The hospitality industry is noted to be quite tempting in nature for several new comers. Companies, which are opted for making entry within this particular industry is considered to be easier for them. It will also notify that there are very low entry barriers observed in this particular industry. Therefore, it can be stated any new company be able to make entry in this particular business segment and gain huge profitability through the business process. There are various international hospitality industry are opted for making entry in the Australian hospitality industry for expanding their business process (Kang, Lee, Huh, 2010). Bargaining Power of Buyers Buyers belonging to this particular country are having high bargaining power in comparison another factors associated with this particular industry. Though the brand recognition is considered to be one of the most important factors for the customers bargaining power, but due to increasing rate of competition within the industry has also raised the bargaining power of buyers. It could also state that the buyers of the hostels or customers are noted to be quite sensitive in terms of price. Therefore, the customers are always tries to raise their bargaining power of the quality products. Threats to Substitute The lodges and small rooms rented for the guests are mainly considered as a substitute for this particular industry. The other hotels and resorts, small motels as well as tourist lodges are also considered as the substitutes of the hospitality company. Apart from this, camping, staying with friends and families are also considered as major substitute competitors for the hospitality industry. Therefore, in Australia the hospitality organization has experiences huge strong competition from its substitution. Competitors Analysis The Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa is one of the most famous hospitality companies that experiences huge competition within the Australian industry from its major competitors. The Australian region is quite developed in providing excellent services in the hospitality industry. The company is expected to have high competition from the various competitors. For instance, Lizard Island Resort, Rumba Beach Resort, Beach Club, Green Island Resort as well as Southern Ocean Lodge are considered as the major competitors of company, which can provide excellent services to its customers (Ingram, Roberts, 2000). Micro Environment Strengths Weaknesses It mainly plays the role of active market plays within the respective industry Basically, in the intentional market it mainly works as a global leader It has high brand recognition The technical base is highly qualified so that it could improve its service for gaining better customers experiences Continues improvement in the business process The employee retention process is highly efficient in managing total workforce efficiently having huge competition from various intentional organization market shares are limited within respective industry Rapid growth in global expansion High numbers of competition within the organization Opportunities Threats The hospitality market is quite emerging in nature The market is having high potential Continuous innovation the customers service providing technology Improvement in interior decoration The global hospitality industry along with Australian hospitality industry is experiencing boom Entry of various competitors are higher Strong hold of local and regional hotels Price discrimination of products and services Higher rate of competition Market Segmentation of Australian Hospitality Industry Recently, Australia has been recommended as one of the famous tourist hub that mainly serving its high quality products and services to its customers. Tourist belonging to different region are attracting towards Australia due to its excellent service quality. It will also notify that the hospitality industries of Australia are quite different from several other countries hospitality industry. The industry is mainly diversified in nature and having large size of its stakeholders. As the Australia mainly imposes a culture of tourism, therefore it could enable that an adequate portion of economic shares has been captured by the tourism industry (Ingram, Roberts, 2000). It will observe that market segmentation of the Australian hospitality industry are needs to be conducted, as it can be a major concern for the industrialist to focus over their business profitability. Tourist come to this particular organizations for enjoying their leisure experiences are paying attention towards the high quality of services. Therefore, it is important for the organization to make a strategy of market segmentation for enhancing their overall profitability. The segmentation will be design by the company will be based on the demographic variables, geographic variables, psychographic variables as well as behavioral attributes of the customers (OConnor Murphy, 2004). The demographic variables are mainly includes age, education, income as well as gender, which directly evaluating the main impact of the customers choice as well as preferences regarding the organizations and its services. By gaining idea regarding this particular factor or variable the company will be able to design its service and product delivering strategies. Another important variable is geographic variable that mainly influencing the working culture of the company. Besides, a psychographic variable is also paying an important role behind the development of business operations of the Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa. Initially, the company should paid attention towards the psychographic variable i.e., attitudes of the customers, their opinions as well as interest regarding the products and services (Sin, et al., 2005). Therefore, it could be notified that conducting a segmentation plan for the Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa is noted to be important as it could enable the company to gain huge profitability as per considering those aforementioned factors. Those aforementioned factors should be addresses with the efficiency so that the company will be enable to gain adequate prominences within the Australian hospitality industry (Yokel Yuksel, 2003). Behaviour of Customers With the changing context of the modern day business, people have become quite appreciative towards expanding operations into diverse and different markets altogether. In this regard, the Australian market for the hospitality industry has been considered in this study. It has been noted that Australia has become one of the most widely developed nations of the world in terms of the opportunities and the number of potential customers prevailing in this particular marketplace. Research has been able to identify the aspect that the behavior of the customers in this particular market has been changing on a continuous basis altogether. This has been justified from the fact that the market has people visiting from different parts of the world visiting the nation for numerous purposes including tourism, medical purposes and students visiting for educational purposes among others. The target segment for the company in the Australian market mainly include the people who visited the nation for the purpose of tourism or leisure since the selected resort i.e. Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa chosen organization mainly seek to deliver services of luxury in the market of Australia. Analysis has revealed that people visiting Australia for purpose of tourism are quite appreciative towards paying more when they are being provided with quality services within the tourism industry. Contextually, it is apparent that companies operating in this market are quite keen to leverage the demands of the customers regarding quality and likewise meet the changing demands of the customers on a continuous basis. Correspondingly, it can be determined that the management of the company has been focus mainly towards the deliverance of quality products and services to the customers in the market of Australia. Marketing Mix Product: The main products and services provided by the hotel are accommodation and leisure facilities. It delivers full service lodging, extended day lodging and resort facilities. The resort has unique theme which is specifically designed for attracting the target customers. Apart from the core services, the hotel also provides various supporting services to the visitors such as check in services, facilitating services and club facilities among others. These services are required so that the visitors can consume the core services easily. Furthermore, the supporting services also help to enhance the value of the organization and to make it differentiated from other rivals. Price: The pricing strategy of Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa includes strategies to sell the proper services to proper customers at right time and right rate. The pricing strategy of the hotel comprises certain managerial philosophies for the management and associated assets. These philosophies are appropriate benchmark rate setting, sensible pricing, single image portfolio, proper discount rates and routine performance monitoring. The pricing of the hotel is set in such a way so that it provides value to the customers and also earn sufficient revenue. The management of the organization prevent pricing errors through systematizing the structure of pricing. The pricing is determined by approximation of demand curve and the possible volume of products or services sold within each possible rate (Marriott International, Inc., 2010). Place: Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa is situated in Queensland of Australia. The hotel use central reservation system by leveraging the digital distribution network. This system supports the hotel operation of the organization. The central reservation system is merely connected for the external network. Furthermore, the organization also has strong inventory distribution arrangement, which help to enhance the speed of services and to minimize the overall expenses. Promotion: With the improvement of technology, Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa has started to promote the brand through internet. The organization has its own website which provides clear view about the hotel along with its products and services. The website also assists the visitors for reservation, for finding the hotel and for rating the services. The focus of promotion strategy of the hotel is to retain the existing customers. It is mostly targeted to mass audience by trade publications, print advertisements and online advertisement. The organization also use direct mail for promotion which help to establish long run relationship with the local society and help to create high degree of corporate activity (Marriott International, Inc., 2009). Recommendations for Improvement of Marketing Effort Social Media: Increasing number of people is using social media in present days. Thus, Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa can use this media and deliver personalized component in order to attract public towards it. Given the limited amount of promotion in social media, the organization is presently missing the possibility to interact with millions of people. Market Expansion: Presently, Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa highly concentrates on luxury customer segment. In order to increase the sales, the organization should target the huge middle income group segment, as it is the quickest recovering segment and is gently started to enhance their spending on travelling activities (Renner, 2010). Conclusion From the overall analysis, certain conclusion can be made with regard to the topic of the study towards justifying the selection of the topic along with comprehending the manner in which companies are able to operate within the hospitality industry of the world. In this context, it can be affirmed that towards attaining long term sustainability within this particular industry utmost focus is levied by the business unit in ascertaining the demands of the customers and likewise meet their quality service needs to a considerable extent altogether. Hence, it can be affirmed that Surfers Paradise Marriott Resort Spa will need to ensure the deliverance of quality services to the customers in the Australian market towards assuring long term sustainability in the same. References Davidson, M., Guilding, C., Timo, N. (2006). Employment, flexibility and labour market practices of domestic and MNC chain luxury hotels in Australia: Where has accountability gone?. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 25(2), 193-210. Dawes, J. (1999). The relationship between subjective and objective company performance measures in market orientation research: further empirical evidence. Marketing Bulletin-Department of Marketing Massey University, 10, 65-75. Ingram, P., Roberts, P. W. (2000). Friendships among Competitors in the Sydney Hotel Industry. American Journal of Sociology, 106(2), 387-423. Kang, K. H., Lee, S., Huh, C. (2010). Impacts of positive and negative corporate social responsibility activities on company performance in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 29(1), 72-82. Kusluvan, S., Kusluvan, Z., Ilhan, I., Buyruk, L. (2010). The human dimension a review of human resources management issues in the tourism and hospitality industry. Cornell Hospitality Quarterly, 51(2), 171-214. Lee, S. C., Barker, S., Kandampully, J. (2003). Technology, service quality, and customer loyalty in hotels: Australian managerial perspectives. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 13(5), 423-432. Marriott International, Inc., 2009. Two New Courtyard Hotels 'LEED' The Way in Eco-Design. Retrieved from https://news.marriott.com/2009/09/twonew-courtyard-hotels-leed-the-way-in-ecodesign-.html Marriott International, Inc., 2010. Annual report. Retrieved from https://files.shareholder.com/downloads/MAR/875071027x0x350959/EB876B01-E737- 4BBC-9E25-1A91F4163D99/Final_FY_2009_Form_10-K.pdf Minghetti, V. (2003). Building customer value in the hospitality industry: towards the definition of a customer-centric information system. Information Technology Tourism, 6(2), 141-152. OConnor, P., Murphy, J. (2004). Research on information technology in the hospitality industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 23(5), 473-484. Renner, L., 2010. Strategic Analysis of Marriott International, Inc. Retrieved from https://aladinrc.wrlc.org/bitstream/handle/1961/9401/Renner,%20Lauren%20-%20Spring%20'10.pdf?sequence=1 Ross, G. F. (1995). Work stress and personality measures among hospitality industry employees. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 7(6), 9-13. Sin, L. Y., Alan, C. B., Heung, V. C., Yim, F. H. (2005). An analysis of the relationship between market orientation and business performance in the hotel industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 24(4), 555-577. Tremblay, P. (1998). The economic organization of tourism. Annals of tourism research, 25(4), 837-859. Yuksel, A., Yuksel, F. (2003). Measurement of tourist satisfaction with restaurant services: A segment-based approach. Journal of Vacation Marketing, 9(1), 52-68.

Looks Can Be Deceiving Essays (1861 words) - Logic, Philosophy

Looks Can Be Deceiving Paradoxes are sometimes composed of contradictory ideas presented together, ultimately leading to an unworkable situation. Paradoxes, however, are not simply ambiguous questions. Paradoxes are the essence of the inherent complexity of systems (Internet 1). Each paradox must be analyzed and clearly understood before it can be explained. Since mathematics is, in a sense, a universal language, certain paradoxes and contradictions have arisen that have troubled mathematicians, dating from ancient times to the present. Some are false paradoxes; that is, they do not present actual contradictions, and are merely slick logic tricks. Others have shaken the very foundations of mathematics ? requiring brilliant, creative mathematical thinking to resolve. Others remain unresolved to this day, but are assumed to be solvable. One recurring theme concerning paradoxes is that each of them can be solved to some degree of satisfaction, but are never completely conclusive. In other words, new answers will likely replace older ones, in an attempt to solidify the answer and clarify the problem. A paradox can be defined as an unacceptable conclusion derived by apparently acceptable reasoning from apparently acceptable premises. This essay provides an introduction to a range of paradoxes and their possible solutions. In addition, a questionnaire was composed in order to demonstrate the extent of knowledge that the general population has pertaining to paradoxes. Paradoxes are useful things, despite their mind-boggling appearance. Generally, however, most paradoxes can be "solved" by searching for specific properties that they may contain. Therefore, if you try to describe a situation and you end up with a paradox (contradictory outcome), it usually means that the theory is wrong, or the theory or the definitions break down along the way. Also, it is possible that the situation cannot possibly occur, or the question may simply be meaningless for some other reason. Any of these possibilities are relevant, and if you exhaust all the possible interpretations, one of them should prove to be incorrect (Internet 1). The following type of paradox is called Simpson's Paradox. This paradox involves an apparent contradiction, because when the data are presented one way, one particular conclusion is inferred. However, when the same data are presented in another form, the opposite conclusion results. Paradox 1: Acceptance Percentages for College A and College Chart 1 Section A Section B Accepted Rejected Total Percent Accepted Accepted Rejected Total Percent Passing Women 400 250 650 61% 50 300 350 14% Men 50 25 75 67% 125 300 425 29% Total 450 275 725 175 600 775 As is evident in Chart 1, when the data are presented in two separate tables, it looks as if men are accepted more often than women, because in each case (College A and College B), men are accepted at a higher ratio than women. However, when the same data are combined into one table (Chart 2), a contradicting result is implied. Acceptance Percentage Totals for the University Chart 2 Accepted Rejected Total Percent Accepted Women 450 550 1000 45% Men 175 325 500 35% Total 625 875 1500 This table shows women actually having a higher overall acceptance rate than men. This is an example of Simpson's Paradox because it involves misleading data. Obviously, the presentation of the data is very important, and can lead to incorrect assumptions if the data are not used properly (Internet 2). Paradox 2: An Arrow in Flight One can imagine an arrow in flight, toward a target. For the arrow to reach the target, the arrow must first travel half of the overall distance from the starting point to the target. Next, the arrow must travel half of the remaining distance. For example, if the starting distance was 10m, the arrow first travels 5m, then 2.5m. If one extends this concept further, one can imagine the resulting distances getting smaller and smaller. Will the arrow ever reach the target? (Internet 3) The answer is, of course, yes the arrow will reach the target. Our common sense tells us so. But, mathematically, this fact can be proven because the sum of an infinite series can be a finite number. The question contains a premise, which implies that the infinite series will result in an infinite number. Thus, 1/2 + 1/4 + 1/8 + ... = 1 and the arrow hits the target (Internet 3). Paradox 3: Two Equals One? Assume that a = b. (1) Multiplying both sides by a, a? = ab. (2) Subtracting b? from both sides, a? - b? = ab - b? . (3) Factoring both sides, (a + b)(a - b) =

Demise of Mongols essays

Demise of Mongols essays The Mongols were nomads, people who depended mainly on livestock for their livelihood. They were constantly on the move in response to seasons and searching for better grazing for their herds. This moving about also created opportunities and channels for trade with the different peoples and cultures with whom the Mongols came in contact. The Mongols themselves traded for commodities that they did not produce but needed iron being a good example. They also traded with agricultural people to obtain grain, vegetables, cotton and silk. This simple economic structure of the Mongols was inadequate to support the vast empire that the Great Khans had created during the 13th century. As the Mongols united nomadic tribes and expanded across the steppes of Asia and into the Middle East, Russia and China, they relied on resources taken from the acquired lands and societies to sustain their armies, infrastructure and other needs. Basically they took the wealth from others and used a system of harsh taxation to meet the rising costs of the empire. On the one hand the Mongols promoted economic development by opening up trade routes and permitting a freer flow of goods from one region to another, while on the other hand they were an economic burden to the societies they controlled. The Mongols were also inclusive, bringing captured people (at least those they did not kill or enslave) into their empire. This practice let them magnify their success by acquiring more people and armies but also stretched their Mongol leaders very thinly over a huge territory. So while the Mongols created unprecedented commercial integration and controlled a huge land area, they financed their empire by imposing heavy taxes and plundering they were wealth takers not builders. Similarly, while they brought together many peoples they had no common system for administration as had the Romans or the Greeks. Thei ...

Global Warming Blog Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Warming Blog - Assignment Example Coal, as a source of energy is not safe for the welfare of the universe (Singer 2001). Carbon compounds are the main constituents of coal. Once the carbon compounds are heated for the production of energy, they are released into the atmosphere. The carbon fumes released during the combustion of coal to release energy result to erosion of the ozone layer. This leads to increased global warming. The Greenpeace non-governmental organization has been on the forefront in fighting the use of coal but instead other environmentally friendly sources of energy. The background to the use of coal as a source of energy is based on the fact it is readily available in different states in the United States of America. Therefore, some people view this as an unexploited avenue hence their decision to use the mineral as a source of energy. Others engage in the coal business to increase their returns and make profits. This is not wise considering the intensity of the impacts after the use of coal as a source of energy. The issue surrounding efforts to stop the use of coal as a source of energy is to some extent of moral nature. The use of coal is an unethical act because the impacts derived from it are of a negative nature in relation to the environment (Veizer 2005). Therefore, with the knowledge of the negative impacts of using coal as a source of energy, then it is immoral to continue using the mineral as a source of energy. As long as the impacts derived from using coal affect the environment negatively, then it becomes unethical and immoral to continue using the energy from coal. The dilemma that community members may be faced with on the matter would be the purchase and use of environmentally friendly sources of energy apart from coal. These may be expensive but better in terms of environmental conservation. It might be tricky for some members of the community to embark on using

Life With Mom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Life With Mom - Essay Example It was 12 years back in 1998 when my mother and I made our way to Las Vegas; the much celebrated party town of United States of America. Back in 1998, at the Excalibur Hotel where we both stayed looked like a giant medieval castle that swallowed us like a tiny dust particle through a huge vacuum cleaner that we call luxury. From the very beginning of our arrival to Las Vegas the MGM Grand Hotel with all its surrounding myths regarding its sprawling luxurious establishments allured us to make a visit to that place. Hence, in one hot and dry Vegas evening we took a little walk and after a brief period of time stood right in front of the magnanimity of the modern Vegas. A huge golden lion above the entrance welcomed us, but fortunately, without a roar. Soon our already enchanted souls made their way into the hotel and suddenly we found ourselves before a giant television where no other than Elvis Presley was singing and dancing. Wine has a funny thing; it becomes precious as it gets old and so does Presley. Finally a casino parted the ways of my mom and me. The casino was by far the largest we have seen and without any argument took care of individual preferences when it mattered. The blackjack table drew me as light draws an insect to slowly burn itself yet does not forget to allot its share of warmth before it turns it to ashes. My mother had other attractions and soon made her comfortable with the jangling quarter slot machines. One thing you can be rest assured about the casinos, here on one hand you will find jubilant gamblers, screaming their throats out in joy with each coin they win and on the other shouts not so jubilant and rather filled with suppressed anger knock your ears down with each successive loss they incur. Our experience with this particular casino was no different and we somewhat liked it. After 30 minutes of hue and cry I felt my mother’s assuring hands on my shoulder and with a smile and a following tap of praise she declared that sh e had just won $1400.00 and we should leave while we are wining. Frankly speaking, at first I wasn’t happy about leaving so early yet when she showed me the dollars she had just won; I quit my game and left with my joyful mother to seek another adventure in Las Vegas. After all luck is like a southern wind that might change sides with a wink of an eye. If life were only a matter of casinos and parties, perhaps Santa would have lost his job. Two women with age differences and weaved through a social relation called mother and daughter are bound to rub their shoulders against each other but not always because Michal Jordon has put a basket. My mom and me were no exception. As I remember in a summer afternoon that was hot enough to boil our brain we both sat in our kitchen and normal talks were being exchanged. Her eyes were fixed into a magazine yet she was more engrossed on talking about Uncle Tom and Aunt Joanne that I had found unnecessary interference. I never felt being an individual human being one should unnecessarily interfere into my own life and I should respect the same about him. Hence I stopped my mother in doing so and that unleashed her anger upon me. It all started with her harping on my weight that had nothing to deal with it that moment; upset to the brink I threw a cup of cold water to her that was immediately answered by throwing of a cup of

Phantom Time Theory Essay Example for Free

Phantom Time Theory Essay There are a few German scholars who believe that a 300 year time period was just written in the history books, without actually existing. The gap in history has been coined the Phantom Time Theory or Phantom Time Hypothesis. Although it is not a very widely accepted theory, there is a fair amount of evidence to back it up. Time itself has very many definitions, the historical records of the time don’t coincide, and astronomy and dendrochronology can’t definitively prove the theory wrong. What exactly is time? One of time’s many definitions is â€Å"the system of those sequential relations that any event has to any other, as past, present, or future; indefinite and continuous duration regarded as that in which events succeed one another,† (Time 784) Basically, this means the order of events occurred in relation to each other. Since there are numerous other definitions time is very subjective and who is to say that time even really exists. Different countries have different calendars and started counting years at other various times. For example, the Islam calendar started in the year we know as 622 AD. Niemitz asks â€Å"How was it possible to insert this phantom time into history? †(8), which has no easy answers. One might respond in a way as to say that we made a mistake when changing from the Julian calendar to the Gregorian calendar. If that were to be the case, then how would it have been a 300 year oversight? Maybe, the switch in calendars may just be a small part of the problem; could it have been the start of the falsified history? If so, then where else could the gap have come from? Most of the historical documents of the time seem to have either been falsified or just don’t exist. For example, Heribert Illig believes â€Å"†¦Charlemagne was a fictional character,† (Bellows 1). If Charlemagne was a made-up figure in history, than what else has been made up about that era? Maybe all of it has been fictionalized by some mass conspirators, or maybe certain documents of the time have just been translated incorrectly and certain historical feats did not actually happen. Also, there are large gaps in historical documents like â€Å"†¦the doctrine of faith, especially the gap in the evolution of theory and meaning of purgatory†¦,† (Bellows 3). With gaps in historical documents like this, it leaves a doubt in the mind of anybody that ponders the existence of this time period. If there are gaps in historical documents like this, then maybe there are gaps in the history itself, as well. John states in his narrative that â€Å"Often, historiography just consisted of archiving anything at all†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (John 5). So, maybe most of the history as we think we know is nothing but false assumptions. But, this whole theory is built on the word maybe. Other scholars might give Illig more respect for his findings if he could come up with more specific answers that tell both sides of the story. Astronomy is neutral, for the most part, when it comes to the Phantom Time Theory. For example, Beaufort writes â€Å"Ultimate evidence against Illigs hypothesis, based solely on historical solar eclipses can possibly not be found,† (Beaufort 25). So, if solar eclipses can’t prove the theory wrong, then what can? Methods like Dendrochronology, carbon dating, might hold the answer. Unfortunately, â€Å"Despite of calibration a high degree†¦antique period typically up to +/-150 years,† (Beaufort 26). This leaves us once again with no definitive answer on the validity of the hypothesis. At the moment, there is no scientific way to prove the theory valid or invalid, but maybe, some day in the near or possibly distant future, there will be a way to accurately pinpoint the dates when certain historical events happened to put this talk of the theory being a â€Å"conspiracy† to bed. 300 years of our history may just have been thought up in someone’s head and written in the history books, or maybe it is true. There are a few things for certain though: time is very subjective and we could be living in any time period imaginable, depending on when you start counting years. Some historical documentation of the era has been proven to be forged, so we can never distinguish what has actually happened in history and what some writer of a history book just made it up. Lastly, astronomy and dendrochronology don’t give a definitive answer to the questions of when exactly these historical events happened. So, maybe this theory is just some wild thought a few German scholars had, but maybe, in the coming years more and more evidence to prove the theory valid may come out and these crazy scholars would look like geniuses.

Augustine St. Clare of Uncle Toms Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe Essay

   Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin leaves little room for interpretation of the author's moral point of view.   Yet, there remains one big moral question that is not as easily answered. This is the question of the character of Augustine St. Clare--a man who espouses great ideals on the evils of slavery,   yet continues to hold his own slaves.   Is he a hero because of his   beliefs or a villain because of his actions?   And just how important is this question to understanding and responding to the novel, as a whole?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If St. Clare were a minor character, showing up in just a chapter or two, as another stereotype, i.e. the southern slaveholder who doesn't like slavery, he could almost be dismissed as just another interesting element, one more point of view, on the issue of slavery.   But St. Clare dominates over one third of this book--his speeches are Stowe's mouthpiece for her abolitionist politics.   He and his moral ambiguity cannot be dismissed.   In many ways, St. Clare is at the very center of this book.   Not just literally and chronologically, but morally.   Josephine Donovan calls St. Clare, "one of the most interesting characters in the novel" (79).   Elizabeth Ammons goes even further and calls him "the most tortured white man in the book" (175).   Here is a man who knows what is right and wrong, has the power to do something about it, but does not.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In many ways, St. Clare is like Thomas Jefferson, a man who spoke out for freedom, who espoused many ideals and even publicly criticized the institution of slavery, but continued to hold all of his slaves up until his death.   Jefferson... ...  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Uncle Tom's Cabin."   Criticism 31.4 (Fall 1989):   383-400. Lang, Amy Schrager.   "Slavery and Sentimentalism:   The Strange Career of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Augustine St. Clare."   Women's Studies 12.1 (1986):   31-54. Railton, Stephen.   "Mothers, Husbands, and Uncle Tom."   The Georgia   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Review   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   38.1 (Spring 1984):   129-144. Stowe, Harriet Beecher.   A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin:   Presenting the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Original Facts and Documents upon which the Story Is Founded.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   London:   Thomas Bosworth, 215 Regent Street, 1853. Stowe, Harriet Beecher.   Uncle Tom's Cabin; or, Life Among the Lowly.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Anthology of American Literature:   Volume I:   Colonial through   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Romantic.   Ed. George McMichael.   New York:   Macmillan Publishing,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   1993.   1735-2052.   

The Effects of Misconduct on the Armed Forces

The armed forces of the United States is one of the most feared and respected military organizations in the world. This image is helped by documentaries, news reports and even by the movies. But the real reason why the US military is considered very powerful and a dangerous enemy can be understood after reading the following explanation:The United States military is unique in the amount of power it can project globally. Although France and the United Kingdom, as well as Germany, Spain, Italy, PRC, and European Union, are capable of projecting power overseas, the United States military is the only one with the higher military capacity to fight a major regional war at a distance from its homeland. The U.S. is also one of the few nations in the world that has a sizable nuclear arsenal and maintains active doctrines for plausible nuclear attack operations. (see Wikipedia: US Military).This is why America is feared and respected. Although there is reason to believe that Americans would pr efer that their country and its citizens are respected rather than feared; there is also a lot of apprehension over the notion that U.S. superpower is a bully in the global theater.This negative image which others believe to be the dark side of this great institution is   putting a lot of pressure on the military organization to behave appropriately and to borrow from their lingo: there should be no conduct unbecoming a military officer. For when this happens the chain reaction can be unbelievable. One indiscretion and the whole structure will be placed in a bad light. Consider for example relatively recent events about U.S. soldiers abusing POW’s and some of its members involved in an alleged rape case overseas are a few instances when the rest of the world shakes its head and would love to believe that all this power had corrupted the men and women in uniform.In order to prevent such misconduct and to keep its integrity intact the U.S. military is keeping in place a syste m of rules, regulations, traditions, and protocols that would ensure that the rest of the world will hold the said institution in high esteem.Military DisciplineThe word discipline when put inside the world of soldiers takes on a different meaning. This has nothing to do with the kind of discipline kids get at home when they fail to do their homework or when they do not clean their room. Discipline in the ordinary day to day life of normal people can sometimes mean a temporary abstinence on doing something or a temporary increase in work volume to accomplish a task or simply to grit ones teeth and do something that is normally not done if the circumstances are more favorable. In the military soldiers do not wait until things are worse before they will begin to be disciplined.In other worlds soldiers do not wait until they are overweight before they start doing morning jogs and calisthenics. They trained before the need arises, they practice long and hard before the fight and they pr epare before the crisis. Discipline in the Army, Navy and the Air Forces is a lifestyle. It can be said that it is more than a lifestyle in fact it is the blood that keeps the institution alive and the invisible force that holds it together. Without discipline the armed forces can easily disintegrate in quickly destroying everything in its path including itself. The infamous tortures at the Abu Ghraib prison – where prisoners of war were being held – was well documented and shown around the world.It was an example of a breakdown in discipline. And noncommissioned officers figured prominently in this fiasco. CNN reporters J. Johns, D. Ensor and M. Mount quoted Rep. Jane Harman in a letter to Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld and Harman said, â€Å"The fog of war is thick, but these acts of abuse and humiliation contradict international norms, military regulations and the very values that our military fights to defend†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (see CNN.com)The report adds that a ll the perpetrators were, â€Å"†¦all officers or noncommissioned officers† (Johns, Ensor & Mount). In an ideal setting this should not have happened especially in the presence of NCOs.The Role of Noncommissioned OfficersNCOs are leaders, period. The military cannot function without leadership as much as a body cannot survive without a head. Everything depends upon leadership and in this regard NCOs play a major role.An Army Officer’s guidebook expounds on the meaning of the term and it says:A leader is people fitted by force of ideas, character, or genius, or by strength of will or administrative ability, to arouse, incite, and direct men in conduct and achievement. Leadership is the art of imposing one’s will upon others in such a manner as to command their respect, their confidence, and their whole-hearted cooperation. (Bonn, 320)In the NCO guidebook leadership is seen as basic in the structure of the U.S. armed forces and it says, â€Å"Leadership, des pite the great strides in technology, remains the same – influencing and motivating people to get the job done† (Rush, 34).  With regards to the NCOs taking up a part of the burden of leadership, Rudyard Kipling was quoted as saying, â€Å"The backbone of the army is the noncommissioned man!† (as qtd. in Fisher, 3).An article in Wikipedia’s website expounds on the words of Kipling:The noncommissioned officer corps is the junior management of the military. An experienced NCO corps is a key component of Western armies: in many cases NCOs are credited as being the metaphorical backbone of their service. By contrast, the weak NCO corps of the modern-day Russian armed forces, and those modeled after it, is widely blamed for the general ineffectiveness of those militaries. (see Wikipedia: Noncommissioned Officers)NCOs and the Concept of DisciplineThe U.S. military structure amounts to a pile of junk without discipline and the people that are tasked to instill discipline and order in the ranks are the noncommissioned officers. NCOs do the dirty work and this is very much evident in shaping a bunch of boys who know nothing about authority and following orders prior to enlistment into hardened men who will obey first before they complain.  Discipline is very important in the military because it is an organization tasked to do jobs that are out of the ordinary and in many instances, in life and death situations. These kinds of jobs will determine the safety of a country, the lives of their fellow soldiers or the civilians under their sphere of influence.NCOs instills this concept of a more serious kind of discipline by being an example for his men. In Semper Fi, a book about the highly respected U.S. Marine corps, a description of the NCO’s methodology – in terms of how he earns the respect of his men and how he hammers discipline into their system – was provided by the authors:The authority of the Marine NCO does not rest on fear; its foundation is the well-earned respect of equally tough men. He leads, and inspires, by being the man he wants his troops to become. The NCO personifies his expectations of the men he commands. He wants his Marines to look â€Å"squared away† and so he dresses and marches smartly himself. Since he wants to instill instant obedience, his men will see him obey instantly when an officer commands. He wants his men to be aggressive in combat, so he himself is the epitome of aggressiveness. The Marine Corps NCO, through his own behavior, creates a desire to be like him. (Carrison and Walsh, 69)The apt description of what an NCO is all about as presented by Carrison and Walsh answers the question on what happens when NCOs misbehave. Using the ideas discussed earlier it would be easy to list the reason why NCOs should always be the quintessential soldier.First of all it is due to his position as part of the leadership of the armed forces. An NCOs actions does not go unobserved and will always be an influence and guide to the new recruit and those under his command. If the NCO is unruly, does not follow orders and breaks the code of conduct then it is not surprising for the rest of the soldiers to do the same.An NCO could not afford to appear irresponsible and uncontrollable or speaks in a manner that show disrespect to his superiors and fellow officers simply because he is not in a normal setting. In an office or in a school perhaps undisciplined behavior and a rebellious attitude towards authority will not really cause too much damage in relative proportion to a similar behavior in the army. When NCO acts like a spoiled brat men dies and blood flows unnecessarily. Worse, the unit can be in grave physical danger and the morale of the troops would significantly decrease leading in more losses and more damage.The chain reaction from an NCO’s lack of prudence can not simply be taken lightly as the repercussions will be felt for many generat ions. And this is not an exaggeration. The following is an account of what happened more than 200 years ago – in America’s war of independence – that helped changed the course of history. It is a testament to the fact that undisciplined men would cause a series of events that will lead to catastrophe:Following the British victory at the Battle of Long Island in August 1776, Queens County came under military’s control [†¦] From the outset, military officials realized that the war had both military and political dimensions. [†¦] Military misconduct against civilians would only create enmity, hinder the effective prosecution of the war and make post war reconciliation more difficult [†¦] By wars end the people of Queens had become, not loyal subjects, but Patriots – as much by British default as by personal choice. (Fingerhut and Tiedermann, 50)ConclusionThe effect of military misconduct especially when an NCO exhibits such undesirable behavior will first result in a breakdown of discipline but it will not end there. The men under the NCOs command will use said breakdown as an excuse for caving in under pressure. Thus when the going gets tough the men who witnessed insubordination and disrespect to senior officers will use that as an excuses for not following orders and then a chain reaction follows.When things begin to turn really uncontrollable, when the spirit of discipline that holds the army together is gone, the same soldiers who are selfless, hard workers, united and having one mind and heart will suddenly transform into a selfish monster who will do everything that seems to be right base on selfish interests. The result of which is written in the annals of military history. These events are labeled as infamous but it has cost more than shame it has resulted in the deaths and humiliation of the innocents. But from a military’s point of view it all boils down to failure in accomplishing a mission and for some cases it means losing the war.Works CitedBonn, Keith E. Army Officer’s Guide. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2002.Carrison, Dan and Rod Walsh. Semper Fi: Business Leadership the Marine Corps Way.New York: American Management Association, 1999.Fingerhut, Eugene R., and Tiedermann, J.S. The Other New York: The American RevolutionBeyond New York City. New York: State University of New York Press, 2005.Fisher, E. F. Jr. Guardians of the Republic: A History of the Noncommissioned officer corps of  the U.S. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2001.â€Å"Military of the United States.† Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 27 May 2006. Wikimedia  Ã‚  Ã‚   Foundation, Inc. 28 May 2006 .â€Å"Non-commissioned officer.† Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 24 May 2006. Wikimedia  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Foundation, Inc. 28 May 2006 .Rush, Robert S. NCO Guide. 7th ed. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2003.